Materials and Methods

The endogenous electromagnetic field (EEMF) of human blood serum preparations is modified and transduced by the BICOM device (Brügemann, Germany) . In all cases, a 10 Hz - 150 kHz bandpass of the EEMF is used. Treatment mode “A” corresponds to the transduction of all oscillations without phase modification, whereas “Ai” stands for phase inversion of all acquired oscillations in the above band. Treatment mode “H” corresponds to the filtering out of the oscillations according to their shape with the following transduction of only “physiological” oscillations which are supposed to be harmonious.


Input 1 - The blood serum of a healthy donor
Input 2 - The blood serum of a cancer patient
Output - distilled water


Preparations of the blood serum of four patients with breast cancer or four healthy donors’ serum albumin preparations are used as a source of the endogenous ELM at the “input” of the device. Distilled water treated with Millipore M740 system (Waters, USA) is used at the “output”. Water is treated during various periods of time with the BICOM modulations summarized in Table 1.

The free energy of the transition from free OH groups in water to H-bonded (G) can be experimentally estimated by using the temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant:

(OH)free = (OH)bond
Keqv. = [(OH)bond]/[(OH)free]
G = -RTlnKeqv.

([(OH) free] and [(OH)bond] are the equilibrium concentrations of free and H-bonded OH groups correspondingly; R - gas constant, T - temperature). Equilibrium concentrations of free and H-bonded OH groups are estimated from the difference spectra in the near IR region (1450 nm band which corresponds to 1+3 vibration of the water molecule) [11]. Free energy of H-bond formation is calculated from the plots of ln(A1.49/A1.41) against 1/T.

IR spectra in the near infrared region (1.38-1.70 mm) are measured by using the “Compscan 7000” spectrometer (Pacific Scientific, USA) in CaF2 or teflon cuvettes (2 nm resolution). The spectra are acquired over a 20 sec period with a speed of 2 scans per sec.


Table 1. Free energy of H-bond formation in water after bioresonance treatment*.

BICOM modulation Exposure time, min
Mode Amplif. 2 4 6 8 10 15 20
G, kcal/mol (± 4%)
A 50 1.53
1.99 1.98
2.07 2.02
2.10 2.58
1.98 1.82
1.98 1.64
1.98 1.57 bc
1.98 sa
Ai 50 2.41
2.11 1.60
2.09 2.56
2.07 1.68
2.12 1.71
2.12 1.55
2.12 1.42 bc
2.13 sa
A 0.05 1.33
2.15 2.51
1.98 2.08
2.12 2.22
2.15 1.85
2.10 1.87
2.10 1.51 sa
2.11 bc
Ai 0.05 1.71
2.12 1.55
2.10 1.87
2.10 2.20
2.17 2.52
2.13 2.50
2.12 2.57 bc
2.12 sa
H 0.1 2.71
1.99 2.66
1.99 2.65
2.11 2.58
2.07 2.51
1.97 2.49
1.99 2.50 bc
1.98 sa
H 0.5 1.98
2.23 2.11
2.22 2.10
2.16 1.93
2.12 2.13
2.14 1.93
2.14 1.78 bc
2.16 sa
H 1.0 1.97
2.13 2.08
2.13 2.31
2.14 1.99
2.14 2.09
2.14 2.15
2.13 1.98 bc
2.14 sa
H 2.0 1.77
1.90 1.66
2.02 1.36
1.97 1.28
1.97 1.07
1.97 1.12
1.98 1.04 bc
1.98 sa
H 3.0 1.87
1.90 2.01
1.88 1.98
1.92 1.80
1.93 1.82
1.90 1.81
1.87 1.76 bc
1.90 sa
H 4.5 2.11
2.01 1.78
2.05 2.17
2.09 1.98
2.13 1.95
2.08 1.99
2.03 1.90 bc
2.07 sa

* - raw data marked with “bc” correspond to the results for the endogenous electromagnetic field of breast cancer patients’ blood serum and those marked with “sa” - healthy donors’ blood serum preparations

The DGH-bond in a water sample before treatment with the BICOM device is estimated by the same procedure and is equal to 2.75 ± 0.08 kcal/mol.

Table 1 shows the decrease in the free energy of hydrogen bond formation in water treated with the EEMF of both “physiological” and “pathological” blood serum preparation. However, GH-bond in water samples treated with the EMF of breast cancer patients’ blood serum show more pronounced dependences on the duration of treatment. This can be more clearly viewed in the Poincaré maps (GH-bond)n+1  (GH-bond)n for both sets of EMF-treated water samples (Fig. 1-10).

The observed difference in the degree of the dynamic response of the hydrogen bond network in water samples treated with the endogenous electromagnetic field of healthy donors’ blood serum preparations (“physiological “ blood serum EEMF) and breast cancer patients’ blood serum preparations (“pathological” blood serum EEMF) may be due to the occurrence of extremely large supramolecular structures in water and biological solutions (e.g., blood serum), which are probably inherited from the evolution of biomacromolecules in aqueous medium. The “physiological” case corresponds to more complementarity in the configuration of water clusters and protein molecules than “pathological”. Therefore, the EEMF of the “physiological” blood serum better fits the dynamics of hydrogen bonding network within supramolecular structures in water.